Delivery in 6+ hours! Additionally, the paper will also give examples of economic and macro-political changes and show why market-based systems are being adopted by transition economies. The economic nationalism of the U.S. since Donald Trump assumed office is related to the hegemony promoted by the Obama administration and the current leading presidential candidate of the Democratic Party, Joe Biden. However, the beliefs and positions of political parties change over time, so . Even though China has a one-party state, it, however, has eight independent political parties that are controlled by the CCP (CIA, 2020). Chinas GDP is forecast to grow 7% to 8% this year. He was born in China, and his life was upended during the Cultural Revolution, when he was sent off to do farm labor in the Gobi Desert. A country that provides its citizen with education produces better minds that can bring in better business ideas to the economy. Depending on the conditions surrounding a case, the law system allows special consideration to such as a case. Collectivism means that the needs of an individual are not emphasized as compared to those of the society and not until recently, most rights of Chinese citizens were not realized. The U.S. continues to vilify China, and China does itself no favors with its poor policy on human rights. ChatGPT has become a sensation since its public release in November, with its ability to produce plausible responses to text prompts, including requests to write essays. The Chinese premier less so. For any deep analysis of the ideological aspects of the China-U.S. rivalry to be complete, two questions need to be answered: What political interests do the ideologies serve, and in what forms are they presented? For example, in making the case for why it should be involved in the UKs 5G infrastructure rollout, Huawei styled itself the John Lewis of China, in reference to the well-known British department store that is regularly ranked as one of the UKs most trusted brands. These similarities are real, but they are manifestations of the wealth and personal aspirations of Chinas newly affluent middle class, and they in no way negate the very real differences between the political systems of China and the West. Weijian Shan understands the delicate U.S.-China dynamic as well as anyone. Is it that Chinas development doesnt conform with the values of freedom and democracy, or that Chinas growing strength is a threat to U.S. hegemony? Is a China-U.S. decoupling a real possibility? We have both sat in meetings where business executives, particularly in the technology and pharmaceutical sectors, expressed surprise at Chinas insistence that they transfer ownership of their IP to a Chinese company. Its aggressive handling of Covid-19in sharp contrast to that of many Western countries with higher death rates and later, less-stringent lockdownshas, if anything, reinforced that view. HBR: Chinas economy seems to be the healthiest in the world at the moment. One reason China can spend so much on infrastructure is that its defense budget, after years of increases, is still only about a quarter that of the United States. No personal data is being tracked. Citizen engagement is integral to the success of every country, whether it be regarding the social welfare or economics of the country, and since both these countries play such a huge role in the International Arena, the comparison of their citizen engagement will be analyzed in this paper. The founding fathers of USA forecasted their nation to be one that respects and follow basic human rights and Biblical ideas as guidance. But over the next 30 years, thanks to policies aimed at developing the economy and increasing capital investment, China emerged as a global power, with the second-largest economy in the world and a burgeoning middle class eager to spend. (2022, May 17). The United States government structure is one of the largest democracies in the world and has been considered by many as one of the perfect democracies which the country and its citizens have prided themselves over. The basic structures of both legal system are extremely similar. What is the political difference between China and the USA? In the political system of the United States, Democrats are largely associated with liberalism (a political philosophy based on belief in progress) while Republicans are associated with conservatism (a political philosophy based on tradition and social stability). This shared quest for predictability explains the continuing attractiveness of an authoritarian system in which control is the central tenet. Diversity is naturally occurring, whether it be among ethnicities, religions, governing systems or whatever else. In Vietnam, there are three different people. It is also the duty of the representative republic to inform its citizens of their rights, and the candidacy for the elections needs to be transparent since city council members to local judges to mayors, and state legislators are all appointed through voting in the United States. Until that happens, the world will remain unstable as the U.S. aggressively tries to eliminate political diversity. In the early days of the outbreak, the Trump administration tried everything possible to downplay the severity of the situation attempting to secure the economy and votes in a presidential election year. In fact, many Chinese believe that the countrys recent economic achievementslarge-scale poverty reduction, huge infrastructure investment, and development as a world-class tech innovatorhave come about because of, not despite, Chinas authoritarian form of government. Accelerate your career with Harvard ManageMentor. U.S. self-identification has been shaken under these circumstances. ), Copyright 2020 CGTN. Eligible voters are chosen through a register for rural and urban voters to make the process easier, and smaller elections have a number of 200 to 300 voters while the larger level can have up to 1000 voters. Such ideas may appear very different from the outward-facing, Confucian concepts of benevolence and harmony that China presents to its international, English-speaking audience. - Quora Answer (1 of 17): Americans hold the individual in the highest regard, whereas Chinese hold the community in the highest regard. Looking into the future, the path for China-U.S. cooperation will become more tortuous owing to the nationalist ideological struggle triggered by the coronavirus. China is also often at pains to suggest to foreign governments or investors that it is similar to the West in many aspectsconsumer lifestyles, leisure travel, and a high demand for tertiary education. Political discourse in China remains anchored in Marxist-Leninist ideas of struggle (douzheng) and contradiction (maodun)both seen as attributes that force a necessary and even healthy confrontation that can help achieve a victorious outcome. Order original essay online with 25% off. Jimmy Dore delivered a monologue on the history of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and how a "tiny cabal" are using the situation for profit on Friday's broadcast of 'Tucker Carlson Tonight' on FOX News. Even though both countries are different in every way, they are still recognized as each others competition in the International Arena. The Chinese government is, however, much easier to decipher since it is a communist one-party state that is also led by elites even though it goes against the very grain of communism. Nevertheless, these changes do not seem to stand any chance of influencing its foreign policymakers, who remain convinced of their system's superiority relative to all others. For instance, a business that wants to invest in China from the US, it must be prepared for more restrictions and should not expect Chines courts to consider the condition that leads to a certain situation since their law does not permit this. Even though the laws of the United States provide every individual regardless of creed and color to vote, there have been instances of voter suppression reported, especially in relation to minorities, and this oppression has been systemic and has existed throughout the history of the US. Many Westerners assume that China is on the same development trajectory that Japan, Britain, Germany, and France embarked on in the immediate aftermath of World War IIthe only difference being that the Chinese started much later than other Asian economies, such as South Korea and Malaysia, after a 40-year Maoist detour. GM sells more cars in China than in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico combined. They dont know how capitalist China is. If you are the original author of this essay and no longer wish to have it published on the Routledge. Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi made an excellent remark about political systems across the world while speaking with the U.S. Council on Foreign Relations last week. Political credibility and economic development. Chinas is the only major economy that requires no special approval for foreign direct investments, although some sectors, such as Lived Change media and the internet, are on a negative list that restricts them. This is a belief alien to many Western business executives, especially if theyve had experience with other authoritarian regimes. In China, the legal system "is based on civil laws" (Nolan, 2012). But in China the consumer applications have come faster, making more obvious the link between government investment and products and services that benefit individuals. The critical distinction is that the Chinese system is not only Marxist, its Marxist-Leninist. If a business is successful, its usually open to taking outside capital so that it can quickly expand nationwide. Along with China's economic and military rise, its leading political values will increasingly shape both China and the world at large. Citizen engagement is a necessary facet of not just American politics but also a democratic state. Some distinctions between the parties. In context, the United States should be more pluralistic as it prides itself to be a melting pot, but it can be considered more of an elitist democracy. Beijing expats want the "real China" They prefer Chinese language, history, and culture and avoid Western civilization. The executive branch of the government holds the highest position of head of state and the cabinet as well, which is appointed by the National Peoples Congress. I see no systemic risk either in Chinas banking system or in its economy. In other words, the U.S. position as hegemon doesnt necessarily bring it any economic benefits. For example, a 2015 survey found that 81% of them trade at least once a month, even though frequent trading is invariably a way to destroy rather than create long-term fund value. The one long-term asset class in which increasing numbers of Chinese are investedthat is, residential property, ownership of which grew from 14% of 25-to-69-year-olds in 1988 to 93% by 2008is driven also by the need for security: Unlike all other assets, property ensures a roof over ones head if things go wrong, in a system with limited social welfare and a history of sudden policy changes. For much of its turbulent modern history, China has been under threat from foreign powers, both within Asia (notably Japan) and outside it (the UK and France in the mid 19th century). However, both states have a very different political landscape, which is what will be discussed in the paper today. 808 certified writers online. Today he is the CEO of PAG, a $40 billion private equity firm based in Hong Kong. Sorry, but it's not possible to copy the text due to security reasons. Cavusgil, S. T., Ghauri, P. N., & Akcal, A. However, in recent times China has overtaken the US by at least one measure of total economic strength, which is GDP based on purchasing power parity (PPP). Much of Donald Trumps rhetoric and his actions on China were meant to deflect attention from his leadership failures at home, such as neglecting his duty to protect the public from the coronavirus. The space for the two sides to compromise and collaborate has narrowed extremely rapidly. This means that business contracts are not usually detailed in China since the civil codes do not cover most laws. Simmons-Harris Comparative Politics Constitutional Powers Successful Pressure Groups UK and US Constitution Foundations of American Democracy Amendments After the Bill of Rights Articles of Confederation Brutus Papers Checks and Balances Commerce Clause Concurrent Powers Confederation Constitutional Amendment Process Contract with America In such a system innovation is limited since people do don feel motivated to come up with brilliant business ideas because undesirable laws keep on blocking them. The U.S., on the other hand, is infamous for its self-deluded belief in so-called "American Exceptionalism," to which end it obsessively seeks to force all others to change their ways in order to replicate its own radically. The main difference between Chinese and US politics is the political ideologies, and one is founded on a democratic yet capitalist system while the other has been led through decades on a Communist and one-party system. (2012). If China were concerned only with economic outcomes, it would welcome foreign businesses and investors and, provided they helped deliver economic growth, would treat them as equal partners, agnostic as to who owned the IP or the majority stake in a joint venture. The primary contrast between China and the U.S. is that the former supports political diversity while the latter aggressively imposes its envisioned political conformity upon all others. The Trump administration was determined to damage Chinas economy and businesses. The Communist Party of China does not give the citizens any chance to question the existing and it has total control of everything going on in the state (Solinger, 2016). Countries with command economic systems are now changing their laws to become democratic and allow free-enterprise after realizing benefits it can bring in (Cavusgil, Ghauri & Akcal, 2012). What are the dangers in Americas continued demonization of China? Shan: Despite initial blunders, China has handled the coronavirus pandemic well through strict lockdowns and mass testing. How accessible is it these days? Since China is a communist and one-party state, citizen engagement is lower in comparison to democratic states. It often compares itself to brands with which Westerners are familiar. Editor's note: Andrew Korybko is a Moscow-based American political analyst. In 2020, a year of severe difficulties all over the world, there was no significant increase in Chinese corporate defaults. China is more corporatism, which is the organization of society by corporate groups such as military and agriculture, which can even be seen through its different selective assemblies and congresses. When individuals have the powerto realize their dreams, they will demand a greater say.. First, China and the United States are at different stages of development. A decade ago its retail-goods market was about $1.8 trillionless than half that of the . In Charting China's Future (pp. Sometimes, in fact, it must sacrifice economic benefits for political or military ones. In much Western analysis the verb most commonly attached to Chinas reforms is stalled. The truth is that political reform in China hasnt stalled. -- The CPC is at the core of the country's leadership and the ruling party, while the non-communist parties are participating parties. 9. Unfortunately, you cant copy samples. What is it that Americans dont understand about China? As the United States is considered a representative republic, citizen engagement is all the more important and starts with providing the citizens of the country, regardless of gender and over the age of 18, the right to vote for their communities in the form of local elections that can elect congresses that represent their towns and constituencies as well in the Presidential election for the various arms of the executive branch. Federal and state governments wrangled and blamed each other over the pandemic response, exposing public discontent with the efficacy and legitimacy of the government, as well as the internal strife in society. For international business management of doing business in a country like China, it can sometimes get hard since it is not possible to function liberally as in a democratic nation. Similarities and Differences: US vs. China There are both very strikingly similarities and differences compared with their American counterparts in regards to culture and institutions. It is important to understand the background of the political systems in both China and the United States in order to compare both, especially the theoretical system of governance they follow, whether a pluralist or oligarchical system. Trumps trade war was an abject failure. Between 1990 and 2009, investment from China to all of Latin America was about $7 billion. The elite theory focuses on the notion that only a select group of people actually run the government, which are considered elite, while the pluralist theory states that political power is rather shared between the influencing parties. Responding, however, will only escalate a lose-lose war, and the entire international community will suffer as a result. In this view, Trump wont necessarily lose if he fails to bring the pandemic under control; but if he fails to save the U.S. economy, his fate is sealed. Hence the old joke that Chinas definition of a win-win scenario is one in which China wins twice. Many people have wrongly assumed that political freedom would follow new economic freedoms in China and that its economic growth would have to be built on the same foundations as in the West. The article reflects the author's views and not necessarily those of CGTN. The city of Rongcheng, for example, uses big data (available to the government through surveillance and other data-capturing infrastructure) to give people individualized social credit scores. These are used to reward or punish citizens according to their political and financial virtues or vices. Would you like to get this essay by email? As to the orientation of a new era, however, the Trump administration has yet to offer any answers or insights. Hence, we need to understand, compare, and learn from leading values in China's political culture. Losing the China market will be costly for American tech companies and deprive them of funds for further R&D. PAG invested about $100 million in a digital music business in China a few years back which subsequently merged with a similar business and changed its name to Tencent Music Entertainment. Is your time best spent reading someone elses essay? Pundits tend to be alarmed by a default here and there. First name should have at least 2 letters, Phone number should have at least 10 digits, Essay Sample on Exploring Economic Growth: Laws and Challenges, Essay Sample on Creating a Local Government on a Privately-Owned Island, Essay Example on Texas: A State of Pride and Ownership, China and India: Nations' Health Comparison, Infidel and the Influence of Politics on United States Religious Background, Essay Example on Plenary Powers in the US Constitution. In this interview he talks about the accessibility of the Chinese market, Americas demonization of China, what the Chinese dont understand about the U.S., and more. We are using Google Analytics to enhance your experience. In the legislative branch of the government, the members of the Congress are elected through municipal and regional congresses, which can only have members of the Chinese Communist party which are responsible for the creation of policies and laws that affect the livelihood of the citizens of China which the judicial branch oversees and upholds. Entry to the CCP and to a university involves compulsory courses in Marxist-Leninist thought, which has also become part of popular culture, as evidenced by the 2018 TV talk show Marx Got It Right. Navigating your companys future in China, Americans Dont Know How Capitalist China Is, Economics and Democracy Are Two Sides of the Same Coin, Authoritarian Political Systems Cant Be Legitimate, The Chinese Live, Work, and Invest Like Westerners, A version of this article appeared in the. Some have expressed optimism that Chinas need for control will lessen after theyve proved their worth as partners. In fact, the Chinese word for the resolution of a conflict (jiejue) can imply a result in which one side overcomes the other, rather than one in which both sides are content. For example, the British role in the Opium Wars of the 1840s kicked off a 100-year period that the Chinese still refer to as the Century of Humiliation. Solve your problem differently! Chinas saving rate will drop significantly as its population ages, and investment will slow. Corporatism also recognizes only one organization as its sole representative, which can be seen through the CCP (Chan, 1994). Today the differences are arguably a lot smaller, and there are many areas in which the two can benefit from cooperation. Ideological competition between China and the U.S. in recent years comes in three basic models: The nationalist hegemony model that ultimately serves U.S. hegemonistic purposes in the international community. However, the long-term effects cannot be fully accessed at the moment. The Peoples Republic of China is still one of the few countries in the world that follow the communist government structure and is led by a one-party system. HBR Learnings online leadership training helps you hone your skills with courses like Global Collaboration. China and the United States significantly differ in terms of the economic, legal and political system but this does not stop them from being the top two nation with the biggest economy worldwide. Those countries have since 1945 been pluralist democracies with independent judiciaries. Eighty percent of the Senate and House of Representatives are male, while only 20 percent are either women or people of color. -- China's system of political parties is a system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), not a Western-style multiparty system. Nations without better access to such facilities depend on their agriculture and natural resources to enhance economic growth. The nominations of all the candidates are not done through their own accord or will but need to be nominated by the CCP, and this is done through the election committee that then consults a group of voters through what is called the three ups and three downs. Ideological competition between China and the U.S. in recent years comes in three basic models: The nationalist hegemony model that ultimately serves U.S. hegemonistic purposes in the international community. But even those concepts lead to considerable misunderstanding on the part of Westerners, who often reduce Confucianism to cloying ideas about peace and cooperation. As market research consistently tells us, the majority of individual Chinese investors behave more like traders. 55-64). Globalization. Get a 100% original essay FROM A CERTIFIED WRITER! 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